Codon adaptation index (CAI)
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The Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) is the most widespread technique for analyzing Codon usage bias. As opposed to other measures of codon usage bias, such as the 'effective number of codons' (Nc), which measure deviation from a uniform bias (null hypothesis), CAI measures the deviation of a given protein coding gene sequence with respect to a reference set of genes. CAI is simply defined as the geometric mean of the weight associated to each codon over the length of the gene sequence (measured in codons). (wikipedia)